Table of Contents Introduction Bare Board Testing Continuity Test Isolation Test Resistance Test In-Circuit Testing (ICT) Analog In-Circuit Testing Digital In-Circuit Testing Advantages and Disadvantages of ICT Functional Testing Types of Functional Testing Boundary Scan Testing

Introduction to EAGLE and DesignLink EAGLE (Easily Applicable Graphical Layout Editor) is a powerful PCB design software developed by Autodesk. It is widely used by electronic designers and engineers to create schematics, design PCBs, and generate manufacturing files. EAGLE offers a user-friendly interface, extensive component libraries, and a wide range […]

Advantages of BGA Packages Before diving into BGA design guidelines, it’s important to understand the key benefits BGAs offer compared to other IC package types: High I/O density (up to 1000+ pins) Reduced package size Shorter lead lengths for better electrical performance Lower profile and weight More efficient heat dissipation […]

Introduction to PCB Carbon-Contacts Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are essential components in modern electronics, providing a platform for interconnecting electronic components. One crucial aspect of PCB design and manufacturing is the application of contacts, which enable reliable electrical connections between the PCB and other components or devices. Among the various […]

Receiving Inspection The first step in effective component storage is conducting a thorough receiving inspection when parts and materials arrive at the facility. This process helps verify that the received items match the purchase order specifications, meet quality requirements, and are free from damage or defects. Here are some essential […]

What is Defined Impedance? Defined impedance is a key concept in electrical engineering that refers to the total opposition a circuit presents to alternating current (AC) at a given frequency. It is a complex quantity that combines resistance and reactance, and is measured in ohms (Ω). Impedance is defined as […]

What is Defined Impedance in PCB Design? Defined impedance, also known as controlled impedance, refers to the precise control of impedance values for PCB Traces and interconnects. Impedance, measured in ohms (Ω), is the total opposition a circuit presents to alternating current. It is determined by the combined effect of […]

What are PCBs and Why are They Essential in Robotics? A printed circuit board, or PCB, is a flat board made of insulating material, such as fiberglass or plastic, with conductive pathways etched or printed onto its surface. These conductive pathways, known as traces, connect various electronic components, such as […]

What Are Gold-Plated Edge Connectors? Gold-plated edge connectors are specialized connectors used in printed circuit boards (PCBs) to provide a reliable and durable connection between the PCB and other components or devices. These connectors feature a thin layer of gold plating on the contact surfaces, which offers several advantages over […]

What is Gold Plating? Gold plating is the process of depositing a thin layer of gold onto the surface of another metal, such as copper or nickel. The gold layer provides several benefits, including: Excellent electrical conductivity High resistance to corrosion and oxidation Low contact resistance Improved wear resistance Enhanced […]